Jammu & Kashmir State is predominantly an agrarian economy with about 80% of its population engaged in agriculture and allied sectors. The state of Jammu and Kashmir is mainly comprises of three geographical regions, namely Jammu region, Kashmir region and Ladakh region lying north of the Indian Union comprise the extreme western part of the Himalayas. In Jammu region, the cultivation of rice extends from Jammu plains with an elevation of 200 m to the mid and high hills extending upto 2300 m altitude. In Kashmir valley the cultivation of rice extends from the area having altitude 1600m above the mean sea level to high hills 2300 m above msl. In Ladakh there is no cultivation of rice. Rice is grown only once in a year because of extreme climatic conditions.
Cultivation of rice requires hot and moist climate. It is a Kharief crop and is sown in March-April and harvested in Autumn. Sufficient water must cover the fields. It is grown mostly in the valley of Kashmir at 2100 metres above sea level.
Mustard, linseed, sesamum, toria, cottonseed are the chief varieties of oil-seeds. They require hot and moist climate. They are grown all over Kshmir province but the chief oil seed producing areas are Anantnag and Srinagar.
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